Fig. 12
Results of the proposed segmentation method on the selected particular cases. They include parts of the upper and lower vertebrae as they appear in the bounding boxes. a Arthrosis on a L3 vertebra. Boundaries differs in width and in shape from a typical lumbar vertebrae. b Hernia in a L4 vertebra. Note that some calcifications are also segmented since their intensity is close to the bone intensity, and they are located near the vertebral body. c Cementoplasty in a T12 vertebra